Question 1

How do you define a class in Python?

Accepted Answer

To define a class in Python, use the `class` keyword followed by the name and a colon, then add methods and attributes inside—like `class MyClass:`. It’s how you create blueprints for objects, and you can include an `__init__` method to set up initial values. Object-oriented programming made easy!

Question 2

What is a `defaultdict` in Python?

Accepted Answer

A `defaultdict` from `collections` is a dictionary that provides a default value for missing keys—like `defaultdict(int)` starts at 0—so you don’t get KeyErrors. It’s awesome for counting or grouping without explicit checks. Saves time and code!

Question 3

What is the purpose of `self` in Python classes?

Accepted Answer

In Python classes, `self` refers to the instance calling a method—it’s a convention (not a keyword) that lets you access or modify instance attributes. For example, `self.name` ties `name` to that specific object. It’s how Python keeps track of ‘who’s who’ in OOP!

Question 4

How do you perform string formatting in Python?

Accepted Answer

Python offers several string formatting options: the `%` operator (old-school), `.format()` for more control, and f-strings (`f'Hello {name}'`) for readability—introduced in 3.6. F-strings are the modern favorite because they’re concise and fast. Pick based on your needs!

Question 5

How do you handle command-line arguments in Python?

Accepted Answer

Python handles command-line arguments with the `sys.argv` list from the `sys` module—`sys.argv[0]` is the script name, and the rest are args. For more power, use `argparse` to parse options and flags cleanly. It’s how scripts talk to the outside world!

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